CHAPTER II

DISCUSSION

Many leaders who have the leadership ability of this method. Because this is never taught in formal schools. Therefore, we are often on different occasions of formal institutions in order to encourage attention to skills like this that we call soft skill or personal skills. In one article on the economist.com there is a review entitled Leadership Can Be Taught. Clear in the article discussed the leadership (in this method of leadership) can be taught so that they complement the character of leadership. There are three important things in the method of leadership, namely: Effective leadership starts with vision jelas.Visi is a power or the power to make changes, which encourages creativity in a powerful explosion process through integration and synergy of the expertise of people who are within the organization. Even be said that nothing motivates change more powerfully than a clear vision.

True leaders focus on spiritual matters than the mere worldly success. For him wealth and prosperity is to be able to give and do more. Whatever is not done to receive the award, but to serve others. And he prefers relations or relations of love and appreciation, compared with the status and power alone.

A true leader is always willing to learn and grow in various aspects, good knowledge, health, finances , relationships, and so on.

Every day senantiasi harmonize (recalibrating) his commitment to serve God and others. Through Solitude (silence), prayer (prayer) and Scripture (read the Word of God).

Similarly, servant leadership by Ken Blanchard who we think are very relevant to the leadership crisis situation experienced by the nation of Indonesia. In fact, according to Danah Zohar, author of Spiritual Intelligence: the Ultimate Intelligence SQ, one measure of spiritual intelligence is the servant leadership (servant leadership).

Even in a study conducted by the Gay Hendrick and Kate Luderman, shows that leaders who managed to bring his company to the pinnacle of success are usually the leaders who have a high SQ. They usually are people who have integrity, open, able to accept criticism, humble, able to understand others well, inspired by the vision, know himself well, has a higher spirituality, and always seek the best for themselves and for others.

A clear vision can be devastating to encourage change within the organization. A leader is a visionary inspiration and change, which has a clear vision of where the organization is headed. Leadership is simply a process to bring people or organizations they lead toward a goal (goal) is clear. Without vision, the leadership has no meaning at all. Vision is what encourages an organization to continue to grow and learn, and grow in maintaining the survival so that it can survive for several generations.

Servant leader is a leader who can control his ego and his personal interests over public interests or those they lead. Ego control means can control when the pressure and challenges to be so heavy. A true leader is always in a state of calm, full of self-control and not easy emotionally.

The Head of Serving (Method of Leadership) A true leader is not enough just to have a heart or character alone, but must also have a series of methods of leadership in order to become effective leaders. Lots of leaders have the quality of the first aspect, namely the character and integrity of a leader, but when it became the formal leader, it was not effective at all because they do not have good leadership methods.

An example is the charismatic leader or leaders who became a symbol of struggle of the people, such as Corazon Aquino, Nelson Mandela, Abdurrahman Wahid, perhaps even Mahatma Gandhi, and many more become an ineffective leader when served formally became president. This is because they do not have a method of leadership needed to manage those they lead.

There are two aspects of vision, the visionary role and implementation roles. This means not only a leader can build or create a vision for the organization but has the ability to implement that vision into a series of acts or activities necessary to achieve that vision.

An effective leader is a very responsive. It means he is always responsive to any issues, needs, hopes and dreams of those they lead. Besides it is always active and proactive in finding solutions of every problem or challenge facing his organization.

An effective leader is a coach or assistant for people who are led (performance coach). It means he has the ability to inspire, encourage and enable men in planning (including action plans, targets or goals, plan resource requirements, etc.), perform daily activities (monitoring and control), and evaluate the performance of his subordinates .

Serving Hands (Leadership Behavior) True leaders not only shows character and integrity, and have the ability in the method of leadership, but he must demonstrate a leader's behaviors and habits. In the book Ken Blanchard is mentioned there are four behaviors of a leader, namely: Leaders do not just satisfy those they lead, but really have a desire always to satisfy God. It means he lived in a behavior that is consistent with the Word of God. He has a mission to always glorify God in all what she thought, said and done.

What is the meaning of leadership? Historically, the "leadership" emerged in the 18th century. There is some sense of leadership, among others:

Many definitions of leadership which describes the assumption that leadership is associated with a process affecting both the individual and society. In this case, deliberately influencing the person to another in the arrangement of activities and relationships within the group or organization. John C. Maxwell said that the essence of leadership is to influence or gain followers.

According to James AF Stonen, the main task of a leader are:

According to Henry Mintzberg, The Role of Leader are:

Principle, as a paradigm consists of several main ideas based on personal motivation and attitude and have a strong influence to establish himself or the organization. According to Stephen R. Covey (1997), the principle is part of a condition, the realization and consequences. Perhaps the principle of creating trust and run as a compass / directions that can not be changed. The principle is a central or main source of life-support systems are shown with 4 dimensions such as safety, guidance, attitude wise, and strength.

Heart Serving (Character Leadership) Leadership serving starts from within us. Leadership requires a transformation of the heart and character changes. True leadership starts from within and then move outward to serve those they lead. This is where the importance of character and integrity of a leader to be a true leader and accepted by the people they lead. Return how many we have seen leaders who claim representatives or public officials, it has no integrity at all, because what was said and promised when campaigning in the election was not the same as those performed when it is sitting comfortably in his chair.

At least according to Ken Blanchard and his colleagues, there are a number of traits and values ​​that emerge from a leader who has a heart to serve, namely: a leader's ultimate goal is to serve the interests of those they lead.

Orientation is not for personal self-interest or faction, but instead they lead the public interest. Whether this is a lofty dream or did we not have a leader like this, a clear leader who put the public interest is very rare to encounter in this republic. A true leader has the desire to actually build and develop those they lead that grew many leaders in his group.

This is in line with the book written by John Maxwell entitled Developing the Leaders Around You. The success of a leader depends on its ability to build the people around him, because the success of an organization greatly depends on the human resource potential within the organization. If an organization or society has many members with leadership qualities, organization or nation will grow and become strong.

Servant leaders have a love and concern for those they lead. Love is manifested in the form of concern for the needs, interests, dreams and expectations of those they lead.

The fourth characteristic of a leader who has a heart to serve is accountability (accountable). The term accountability is the meaning of responsibility and dependability. That is all words, thoughts and actions are accountable to the public or to any member of his organization.

Servant leader is a leader who will listen. Want to hear every needs, dreams and expectations of those they lead.

LEADERSHIP ANALYSIS

A. Leadership

The leader is the core of management. This means that management will achieve their objectives if there is a leader. Leadership can only be carried out by a leader. A leader is someone who has leadership skills, have the ability to influence the stance / opinion of the person or group of people without asking the reasons. A leader is someone who actively make plans, coordinate, conduct experiments and led the work to achieve goals together.

Leadership is an activity affects the behavior of others to want to cooperate to achieve certain goals. Definition it contains two very important basic understanding of leadership, namely Influencing the behavior of others. Leadership within the organization are directed to influence the people they lead, to want to do as expected or directed by people who lead them.

Motivation of people to behave there are two kinds of extrinsic motivation and intrinsic motivation. In the case of extrinsic motivation is necessary to factors beyond that person who encouraged her to behave a certain. In the event of such leadership is the external factors. Being the intrinsic motivation to behave in a certain impetus came from within the person itself. So there is a kind of awareness of their own volition to do something, such as improving the quality of his work.

In the process of guiding the leadership, providing direction, feelings and behaviors affect others, facilitate and mobilize others to work toward common goals, desired. All that is done the leadership must be perceived by others in the organization as an aid to those people to be able to improve its performance. In this case the influence of business sense to have a very important role. Feelings and emotions need to be touched in order to foster new values, such work must be qualified, or give you the best possible service to customers is a must that noble, and so forth. With the new values ​​possessed consciousness that people will grow more qualified to do. In science education is included in the affective area.

A lifetime of learning

Not only through formal education , but also outside school. For example, learning through reading, writing, observation, and listening. Having experience both good and bad as a learning resource.

Service-oriented

A leader is not served but to serve, because the principle leader of the principle of serving on a career as a primary goal. In providing services, should have been more principled leader on good service.

Bring a positive energy

Every person has the energy and spirit. Using the positive energy that is based on sincerity and desire to support the success of others. That requires a positive energy to build rapport. A leader must be able and willing to work for long periods of time and condition was not specified. Therefore, a leader must be able to demonstrate a positive energy, such as;

Trust in others

A leader to trust others, including staff of subordinates, so they have the motivation and retain good jobs. Therefore, trust must be followed with care.

Balance in life

A leader must be able to balance his duty. Oriented to the principles of humanity and self balance between work and exercise, rest and recreation. The balance also means balance between worldly life and hereafter.

Seeing life as a challenge

The word 'challenge' is often interpreted negatively. In this case the challenge is the ability to enjoy life and all its consequences. Because life is a challenge that needed to have a sense of security that comes from within yourself. Sense of security depends on the initiative, skill, creativity, willpower, courage, dynamic and freedom.

Synergy

Principled man who always lived in a synergy and a catalyst of change. They always overcome his own weaknesses and others. Synergy is a group work and benefit both parties. According to The New Brolier Webster International Dictionary, synergy is a working group, which gives the results more effective than working individually. A leader must be able bersinergis with everyone superiors, staff, coworkers. Leadership Article

Exercises to develop self-

A leader must be able to renew themselves in order to achieve high success. So he is not only a process-oriented. Daalam process to develop themselves consist of several components that relate to:

Achieving principled leadership is not easy, due to some constraints in the form of bad habits, for example:

To overcome this, requires practice and experience constantly. Training and experience is very important to get a new perspective that can be used as a basis for decision making.

Laws of nature can not be avoided in the process of personal development. The development of one's intellectual development is often faster than her emotions. Therefore, it is recommended to achieve a balance between them, so it will be a controlling factor in intellectual abilities. Training starts from learning emotional hearing. Listening means that patient, open, and eager to understand others. This exercise can not be enforced. Steps to train hearing is asked to give reasons, reward, threaten and encourage. In the training process, a person's need to control themselves, followed by the wishes of people.

Develop personal strengths would be more beneficial than relying on outside forces. The power and the authority aims to legitimize the leadership and ought not to create fear. The increase in knowledge, skills and attitudes needed to create a leader who berpinsip because a leader should not only intellectually smart, but also emotional (IQ, EQ and SQ).

Management implemented in an organization or institution which in the early stages of implementation, the organization is driven by a leadership that cares about the quality of a strong and determined to make his organization is always and continuously improve the quality of Kiner-shirt, whether it be in the form of products or services. Leadership for the MMT that requires mastery of basic capital in the form of seven fundamental concerning the organization of life.

a. Organization:

Why is the organization he headed there and for what? Answers against a very fundamental question needs to be controlled well by all those who hold the reins of leadership of an organization. Without mastering the answer is both doubtful whether they will be able to direct others in the organization to the destination should be.

b. V contents:

Organization that will be how the organization in the future? People who hold leadership needs to have foresight about the organizational sasinya; they want to develop their organizations into organizations that do, able to serve what and how, which is capable of producing objects and what services and how, and to be presented to who? This vision should be long-term, say 10 years or 25 years and can both, in order to facilitate efforts to improve the quality of sustainable performance. Leadership Article

c. M contents:

Why do we exist in this organization? What tasks should we do? The answer to these questions are related to the above vision. How that vision will be realized? Main tasks are to be done by the organization to the vision or the condition of the organization's future can be realized earlier. The formulation of the organization's mission is also supposed to be controlled properly and clearly by people who hold leadership so that they can give the right direction and clearly to others.

d. Values

The principles of what is believed to be the truth that serves as a guideline in carrying out organizational tasks, and wants others in the organization also adopted these principles. Eg quality, customer focused, disciplined, kepelayanan are values ​​that should be embraced by those who hold leadership MMT.

e. Policies

Formulations is to be delivered to people in the organization as a referral so they know what to do in providing services and goods to customers. People who hold leadership must be able to formulate such policies so that people can present the quality as desired by the organization.

f. Organizational goals

Is things that need to be achieved by the organization in the long term and short term in order to allow people within the organization fulfill its mission and realize their vision. The goals of the organization need to be defined concretely and clearly.

g. Methodology:

Is a formula on the ways chosen outlined in the act toward realizing the vision and achievement of the objectives of the organization. This methodology is limited to the outlines of which needs to be done and not the details of engineering work.

Seventh in a very fundamental things that need to be mastered and in the implementation of MMT it will be poured in formulating a strategic plan for quality. Without the ability to formulate the seventh it was specifically and communicating it to people in the organization, it is difficult for people to realize the quality as desired.

Leadership is more geared to the working groups who have the duty or function of each, do not focus on individuals. This will result in growing development of cooperation in groups. Individual motivation will be the task of everyone in the group, so the working group became a source of motivation for each member in the group. Because the leadership is always assessing the performance of the group, not individuals, then the ma-each of the group will try to spur cooperation as well as possible, if necessary by pulling sekelompoknya less true friend works.

Management Leadership does not always make their own decisions on everything, but only do so in ways that would be better if he had decreed it. The rest handed over authority to the groups that are under its supervision. This was done primarily to matters concerning how to carry out the work technically. People who are in the working groups who have received training and day-to-day doing a job that is better know how to do the job and thus become more competent to make decisions than the chairman.

Any effort to improve the quality of performance, whether it is in generating a good or service produced, in principle required a change in behavior. So kalu wants a better quality do not be afraid of change, a chapter without changes will not increase the quality of performance. Change can be created by the leader, but not necessarily always come from the leadership, because leaders-pinpun limited capabilities. Therefore, leaders need to stimulate the emergence of creativity precisely at ka-Langan people they lead in order to create new things which if will produce better quality performance. A leader should not impose old ideas that have been proven unable to produce a quality performance as expected. Any new idea that is intended to produce something that is more qualified than any of origin should be welcomed. People in the organization must be made not afraid to be creative, and who proved to produce good idea should be given recognition and rewards.

Management has always longed for a renewal of leadership, because he knew that only by renewal will be produced better quality. Therefore he should always encourage everyone in the organization to dare to make innovations, whether it concerns the workings as well as goods and services produced. Of course it was all done through a process of testing and rigorous evaluation before being adopted widely in the organization. Instead seo-led war should not retain the old habits of work that has been proven to not produce the quality as expected if the organization or by its customers.

Management has always sought the cooperation in teams, groups, or within organizational units. Programs ranging from planning stage to implementation and evaluation is carried out through cooperation, rather than pro-gram of its own that is individualized. The existence of a working system based on cooperation within teams, groups or units should always be thinking of the leadership of Management. Is essentially followers everyone participation in activities in accordance with the ba-kat, interests and abilities of each person. People are the most important asset in the organization and therefore every person must be used optimally for the benefit of achievement of organizational goals. Leadership Article

Management leaders always act in a proactive preventative and an-tisipatif. Leader Management reactive not only act that begins to take action when problems occur already. Proactive leadership has always acted to prevent the emergence of trouble and difficulties in the future. Each action plan has been difikirkan effects and consequences that will arise, and then difikirkan how to eliminate things that are negative or at least try to minimize them. Thus the life of the organization is always in control of leaders in the sense that all can already be reckoned with before, and instead of allowing the emergence of problems in surprise and created a panic in the organization. Reactive action is usually too late or at least have had time to cause harm or other negative consequences.

It's been said before that person is the most important resource and most valuable in every organization. Therefore, HR should always receive the most attention from management leadership in the sense of always-Yakan diupa to further empowered so that his capabilities are always increasing from time to time. With the increased capabilities that HR might be expected to increase the quality of performance. Training programs, education and other activities that empower HR to be institutionalized in the sense of always planned and organized in-nDo for each person in turn according to the needs and circumstances

When talking about quality would have occurred to the existence of high quality and low quality. When it is said that the performance of an organization's high-quality course as compared to other organizations are in fact lower. This means that the quality of everything is relative, not absolute. At least that's according to the understanding of quality management. Leaders in management development are encouraged to do comparisons with other organizations, compare the quality of its organization with the quality of other similar organizations. This activity is called benchmarking. Management leadership has always tried to realize mai quality and performance of other organizations if you can even try to surpass the quality of other organizations. When leaders talk about the quality of other organizations and then want to match or exceed the quality of other organizations, it means pmpinan was talking about competition. Any organization trying to get customers more and better characterized. This effort will only succeed if the organization is capable of performing a higher quality than other organizations. This competition. Management are developed to win the competition. Therefore, management leadership should always be aware of the competition and talk about it with people in his organization.

Character of an organization is reflected in the attitudes and behavior patterns of people. Organsasi attitudes and behaviors that tend to induce pleasure and satisfaction in hand its customers need to be fostered by the leadership. Similarly, the organizational culture that upholds certain values ​​that are relevant to the quality desired by the organization also needs to be nurtured. For example in educational institutions need to develop a culture that upholds the values ​​of learning, honesty, kepelayanan, and so on.

The values ​​that are part of the culture of the organization should serve as guidelines in attitude and behavior in organizations. However, the character and culture of the organization will only grow and develop when the organizational climate is supportive. Though because it also must always nurture the leadership climate in order to con-dusif organization for growth and development of character and culture of the organization earlier. For example, by creating and implementing reward systems that encourage people to work and perform better. Or a leader who always tried to behave in such a way that can be emulated by models that are always others.

Management leaders did not try to focus on his leadership, but leadership will deploy it on other people, and only had nyisakan on him that had to be held by a boss. Leadership is meant decision-making and influence on others. Decision about the wisdom of the organization remains the hands-on leadership, and other operational or technical nature disseminated to others in accordance with the position and duties. In many ways even the decision was left to a particular team or work group.

Thus reliance on the leadership of the organization will be very small, but most of the people in the organization that has a high self-reliance. This sort of condition will be achieved through the implementation of management is good and right, and after going through a long development process. More and more of the ten traits that are applied by the leadership of the better quality of management leadership, in the sense of getting all right working atmosphere conducive to the creation of quality, and the more stronger the encouragement given to people in their organizations to improve performance. Tenth this needs to be lived and practiced by all leaders, from highest to lowest, so that eventually would become the normative acts of the pattern of all the elements of leadership. Leadership Article

From the experience of organizations that have implemented management lessons that can be drawn so that the organization was successful in improving the quality of performance is continuously required a leadership or management group that has a way of thinking about the quality of the different ways of thinking led organizations that do not apply the MMT. Here are items that describe the way leaders think about the quality of MMT.

1. Quality improvement saves time and money.

Such way of thinking is different from the usual conventional way of thinking says that quality improvement always require money and time. MMT is applied to long-term, and quality improvement is not for a moment but for ever and ever. Quality improvement may initially require funding, but not always necessarily so, because to achieve a better quality of training may be required for certain persons, or require repair work of equipment and facilities, although inipin not always necessarily so. After the initial investment is then no longer needed the extra expense, even in a rather long-term quality improvements that will actually result in saving money and time. The main purpose the implementation of MMT in addition to satisfying the customer is efficiency. This means savings of ways before, or working at a lower cost but with better results.

2. The work is an integrated system of several processes.

Such perceptions are obviously very different from the way Conventional thinking sees the work not as an integrated system but as a series of events. If people see work as an integrated system which means that still recognizes the parts of a separate work, but the parts that remain related to each other and have a relationship of mutual influence and interdependence (interdependent). Colleges have the parts or units, has many types of work and activities, as well as having many people working in it. Obviously they are not enough just to work on their own separately, but they must cooperate, interact with one another, mutual help, mutual serving, because the end result of the college is the totality of the work of all parts and all that.

Even the quality of the work of the often highly dependent on the quality of the work of other parts that are input to the first part. So in order for a college-quality, all sections, all functions and all work needs to be aligned to be qualified as one system. Not enough if only one or several parts of the course quality. But in its implementation when it is impossible to improve all types of work simultaneously, then it could be a gradual way, the carefully selected types of work which needs to be strategically upgraded first.

3. Works great and no matter how much if without quality is meaningless.

This means that the quality of work is more important than the quantity or amount. In education it is obvious. A college has many professors and students, but that generally does not grade really is not much it means for colleges who aspire to a quality education. Quality education that does not matter how many graduates are issued would not mean anything to the progress of a nation and state.

4. Quality fused with the workings of the beginning.

Quality performance results in the form of goods or services is the result of the way work is applied in the work. Therefore, the workings in the form of procedures and work processes become very important to produce a quality performance. Procedures and work processes from beginning to end need to be designed and determined in such a way as to ensure the achievement of good quality performance as desired to be able to arbitrarily satisfying customers. Quality of goods or services is not simply the result of the examination at the end of the work process, but one with the workings from beginning to end.

5. Quality can be achieved through better training for existing employees plus quality leadership. 

One important key to success in a sustainable increase the quality of training that is relevant and effective. All employees can be expected to improve the quality of its performance when it has been getting the proper training, as well as all the leaders could lead to the successful implementation of MMT when you get training for it. Such way of thinking is different from the conventional way of thinking which says that to get the necessary quality (recruitment) better employee.

6. Adequate quality of work produced only when all the best.

Quality like that is not possible with a single effort but through constant effort that every time endeavored to achieve improved bit by bit, which in the long term rather be able to achieve perfect quality. This also can be refined again in time so that the actual quality improvement efforts never end. Quality is not limitless, can always be improved. Leaders of conventional thinking that 90% of jobs are already good enough. In the field of education and academic standards of quality it's definitely always moving upward and should always be pursued. So do not ever stop trying to improve performance.

7. Quality means continuous improvement.

This is a way of thinking as a continuation and consequence of such thinking in point to 6 above. This is different from the concept of management by objectives that define quality as the achievement of predetermined objectives. The second way of thinking need not be considered different when the work is divided into several stages and each stage is determined that the goal is always increased from beginning to end.

8. The suppliers are partners.

Work within an organization is always processing or processing inputs (goods, services and / or people) that are supplied by others. Quality of the organization's performance was influenced by the quality of inputs. If the organization treats its suppliers as partners, he can expect to get the quality of supply (input) is good. Conversely, if the supplier is treated as a business competitor or opponent, then it is difficult to expect the suppliers want to supply the input quality. So it is not true that the quality of the performance had nothing to do with suppliers. In the field of higher education, student input is supplied by the institutions of secondary education. Have college high schools treat them as partners?

9. Customer is an integral part of the organization.

Why is that? Since the early work of the organization's planned, among others, by considering the needs-the needs and expectations of customers. So the customers (external) from the start, expected to provide inputs to the organization, and that's why they are said to be an integral part of the organization. Without considering the needs and expectations of customers, was never known whether it will work or not able to satisfy customers. So in order to plan the organization of work of quality needs to the organization's leaders saw the customer as an integral part of the organization, rather than as outsiders who will be offered the organization's work product.

Way of thinking as described in the nine points above are very necessary to be adopted by leaders of the organization applying for the Management can always move people and organizations improve the quality of its work on an ongoing basis. Way of thinking about the kind of quality that will be part of the personality of the leader who crave quality.

CHAPTER IV

CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

A. CONCLUSION

The leader is the core of management. This means that management will achieve their objectives if there is a leader. Leadership can only be carried out by a leader. A leader is someone who has leadership skills, have the ability to influence the stance / opinion of the person or group of people without asking the reasons. A leader is someone who actively make plans, coordinate, conduct experiments and led the work to achieve goals together.

Leadership is an activity affects the behavior of others to want to cooperate to achieve certain goals. Definition it contains two very important basic understanding of leadership, namely Influencing the behavior of others. Leadership within the organization are directed to influence the people they lead, to want to do as expected or directed by people who lead them.

To implement the management in an organization is necessary leadership characteristics are not different from the leadership to achieve quality. Management is applied within the organization who see the task of organization is not just a routine task, the same day to the next day. All pre-determined standards, and if performance is compliant then bereslah everything. Management also recognized standards of performance, but the difference this standard is dynamic, meaning that standard can always be improved. Enabling the continuous quality improvement. For that management requires leadership mempu-gammer traits rather special, as discussed below.

B. ADVICE

A leader is someone who actively make plans, coordinate, conduct experiments and led the work to achieve common goals. Characteristics of a leader based on the principles of lifelong learning, service-oriented and bring positive energy. So to be a leader must have the knowledge and the soul of a leader

Management leaders did not try to focus on his leadership, but leadership will deploy it on other people, and only had nyisakan on him that had to be held by a boss. Leadership is meant decision-making and influence on others. Decision about the wisdom of the organization remains the hands-on leadership, and other operational or technical nature disseminated to others in accordance with the position and duties. Leadership Article